Understanding Contract Variations
A contract variation, or simply a variation, refers to any change or amendment to the terms of an existing contract. In the context of a construction contract, such as the HIA NSW Residential Building Contract, variations typically involve changes to the scope of work, design, materials, or the manner of carrying out the work.
Clause 18 of the HIA NSW Residential Building Contract
Clause 18 of the HIA NSW Residential Building Contract provides a comprehensive framework for managing variations in the construction process. Let’s break down its key components:
Related Content: Practical Benefits of Variations Clause 18 under HIA NSW Contract
| Sub-clause | Description | Explanation |
| 18.1 | This establishes that a variation must be in writing and signed by both the builder and the homeowner | This ensures that both parties are fully aware of and agree to the changes, to avoid misunderstandings. |
| 18.2 | This requires the builder to respond in writing as soon as reasonably possible if the homeowner requests a variation. | This clause promotes efficient communication between the builder and homeowner when a variation is requested, allowing timely decision-making. |
| 18.3 | This outlines the builder’s response options: either a detailed offer to carry out the requested variation (18.3a) or a refusal to do so (18.3b). The builder is not required to provide reasons for refusing a variation. | This gives the builder the flexibility to manage their workload and resources. |
| 18.4 | This states that if the homeowner does not accept the builder’s offer within five working days, the offer is deemed to be withdrawn. | This ensures that the construction process is not unduly delayed. |
| 18.5 – 18.8 | This provides further details on the pricing of variations, payment terms, and obligation. | These clauses provide additional information on how the parties should deal with variations. |
The Legal Framework: Home Building Act 1989 (NSW)
Quantum Meruit Claims in NSW
Quantum meruit, a Latin term meaning “as much as he has deserved”, is a legal principle that allows a person to claim reasonable compensation for services rendered or work done when no contract exists. In the context of construction law, quantum meruit claims often arise when work has been completed outside the scope of the original contract.
Recent case law in NSW has outlined the five key elements under which a builder can make a quantum meruit claim. This includes proving that the work was done outside of the contract, the homeowner had knowledge of the variation, the builder expected to be paid for the additional work, among others.
Practical Implications for Homeowners
Homeowners have the right to refuse proposed variations to a contract. However, unreasonably withholding consent to these changes might lead to contractual disputes.
It may also cause project delays and uncertainties in the scope and payment obligations. These could, in turn, pave the way for a quantum meruit claim, allowing builders to demand reasonable remuneration for works completed but not expressly covered under the contract’s scope, which often results in complex legal battles.
Homeowners should be proactive in communicating with their builders about any potential variations and should ensure that any agreed variations are documented in writing. Builders, on the other hand, should ensure that they communicate clearly with homeowners about any additional work and that they have evidence to support any quantum meruit claims.
In all cases, it is advisable to seek legal advice to fully understand your rights and obligations under the HIA NSW Residential Building Contract and the Home Building Act 1989 (NSW).
Get Expert Construction Contract Review and Advice
Get Your HIA Contract Reviewed Now
Step 1: Simply fill out this form and upload your contract.
Step 2: We’ll review it and return to you with a fixed fee quote.
Minimise construction risks on cost, time, and quality.
Get Home Building Contract Review and Advice now.
Conclusion
Navigating the complexities of contract variations and quantum meruit claims can be challenging. However, with a clear understanding of the HIA NSW Residential Building Contract and the Home Building Act 1989 (NSW), homeowners and builders can protect their interests and ensure a smooth construction process. If you’re a homeowner or builder in need of legal advice, don’t hesitate to reach out. As a solicitor and construction lawyer with over 10 years of experience, I can provide expert advice and representation to help you navigate these legal waters. Contact me today to discuss your contract rights, risks, and obligations.
